The orientation of a map is the relationship between the directions on the map and the corresponding compass directions in reality. The word “orient” is derived from Latin oriens, meaning east. In the Middle Ages many maps, including the T and O maps, were drawn with east at the top (meaning that the direction “up” on the map corresponds to East on the compass).
Source: Map – Wikipedia
Tim B.
https://www.etymonline.com/word/Orient#etymonline_v_7147
“c. 1300, “the East” (originally usually meaning what is now called the Middle East), from Old French orient “east” (11c.), from Latin orientem (nominative oriens) “the rising sun, the east, part of the sky where the sun rises,” originally “rising” (adj.), present participle of oriri “to rise” (see origin). “
Tim B.
https://www.omniglot.com/language/directions/compassdirections.htm
Tim B.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_compass_winds
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_direction
Tim B.
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/meridies
“merīdiēs m (genitive merīdiēī); fifth declension
midday, noon
south”
Tim B.
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/septentrio#Latin
“septentriō m (genitive septentriōnis); third declension
Ursa Major, Charles’ Wain
Ursa Minor, the constellation including the most recent pole star
The north
Borealis or Boreas, the north wind”