A historiated initial is an initial, an enlarged letter at the beginning of a paragraph or other section of text, that contains a picture. Strictly speaking, a historiated initial depicts an identifiable figure or a specific scene, while an inhabited initial contains figures (human or animal) that are decorative only, without forming a subject.
Source: Historiated initial – Wikipedia
The Norwegian Nordhuglo stone from around the year 400 seems to place the title in opposition to magic, using a word related to the Old Norse gandr. The inscription’s Ek gudija ungandiR means “I, gudija” followed by “he who is immune to sorcery” or “he who does not engage in sorcery”.[7]
Source: Gothi – Wikipedia
Erilaz is a Migration period Proto-Norse word attested on various Elder Futhark inscriptions, which has often been interpreted to mean “magician” or “rune master”,[1] viz. one who is capable of writing runes to magical effect.
Source: Erilaz – Wikipedia
Alu is a charm word appearing on numerous artifacts found in Central and Northern Europe dating from the Germanic Iron Age. The word is the most common of the early runic charm words and can appear either alone or as part of an apparent formula. The origin and meaning of the word are matters of dispute, though a general agreement exists among scholars that the word either represents amulet magic or is a metaphor (or metonym) for it.[4]
Source: Runic magic – Wikipedia
Sacrifices (animals, weapons, jewellery and humans) often had a strong connection to bodies of water. Boglands, ponds, streams or lakes were often used as ceremonial and holy places for sacrifices and many artifacts have been found in such locations. Ritual instruments such as bronze lurs have been uncovered, especially in the region of Denmark and western Sweden. Lur horns are also depicted in several rock carvings and are believed to have been used in ceremonies.
Source: Nordic Bronze Age – Wikipedia
mnemonic (adj.): 1753, “aiding the memory, intended to assist the memory;” 1825, “pertaining to the memory,” a back-formation from mnemonics, or from a Latinized form of Greek mnēmonikos “of or pertaining to memory,” from mnēmōn (genitive mnēmonos) “remembering, mindful,” from mnēmē “memory, a remembrance, record, an epitaph; memory as a mental faculty,” from base of mnasthai “remember,” from PIE root *men- (1) “to think.” The noun meaning “mnemonic device” is from 1858.
In diegesis, the narrator tells the story. The narrator presents the actions (and sometimes thoughts) of the characters to the readers or audience. Diegetic elements are part of the fictional world (“part of the story”), as opposed to non-diegetic elements which are stylistic elements of how the narrator tells the story (“part of the storytelling”).
Source: Diegesis – Wikipedia
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