Kotys’s followers were known as baptes, which means “bathers,”[5] because their pre-worship purification ceremony involved an elaborate bathing ritual. Kotys was often worshipped during nocturnal ceremonies, which were associated with rampant insobriety and obscene behavior.[6] Her cult was very similar to the cult of the goddess Bendis.
Source: Kotys – Wikipedia
Under these extreme conditions, the familiar structure of matter, where the basic constituents are nuclei (consisting of nucleons which are bound states of quarks) and electrons, is disrupted. In quark matter it is more appropriate to treat the quarks themselves as the basic degrees of freedom.
Source: QCD matter – Wikipedia
Thales of Miletus (7th to 6th century BC), the father of philosophy, claimed that the first principle of all things is water,[12] and considered it as a substance that contains in it motion and change. His theory was supported by the observation of moisture throughout the world and coincided with his theory that the earth floated on water. His ideas were influenced by the Near-Eastern mythological cosmogony and probably by the Homeric statement that the surrounding Oceanus (ocean) is the source of all sprin
Source: Arche – Wikipedia
Arche (/ˈɑːrki/; Ancient Greek: ἀρχή) is a Greek word with primary senses “beginning”, “origin” or “source of action” (εξ’ ἀρχής: from the beginning, οr εξ’ ἀρχής λόγος: the original argument), and later “first principle” or “element”, first so used by Anaximander (Simplicius in Ph. 150.23). By extension, it may mean “first place, power”, “method of government”, “empire, realm”, “authorities” (in plural: ἀρχαί), “command”.[1] The first principle or element corresponds to the “ultimate underlying substance” and “ultimate undemonstrable principle”.[2] In the philosophical language of the archaic period (8th to 6th century BC), arche (or archai) designates the source, origin or root of things that exist.
Source: Arche – Wikipedia
To Paracelsus, the Yliaster represented the two basic compounds of the cosmos, matter representing “below”, and the stars representing “above”. Paracelsus says this of the Yliaster while describing how fossils are trapped in wood:
Accordingly, the first body, the Yliaster, was nothing but a clod which contained all the chaos, all the waters, all minerals, all herbs, all stones, all gems. Only the supreme Master could release them and form them with tender solicitude, so that other things could be created from the rest.[1]
In this sense, the Yliaster is the same as the Prima Materia. It is the formless base of all matter which is the raw material for the alchemical Great Work.
Source: Yliaster – Wikipedia
The Forms are expounded upon in Plato’s dialogues and general speech, in that every object or quality in reality has a form: dogs, human beings, mountains, colors, courage, love, and goodness. Form answers the question, “What is that?” Plato was going a step further and asking what Form itself is. He supposed that the object was essentially or “really” the Form and that the phenomena were mere shadows mimicking the Form; that is, momentary portrayals of the Form under different circumstances.
Source: Theory of forms – Wikipedia
As a mystical symbol, it was very important to the secret worship of Pythagoreanism. There were four seasons, and the number was also associated with planetary motions and music.[3]
[…]
The first four numbers symbolize the musica universalis and the Cosmos as:
(1) Unity (Monad)
(2) Dyad – Power – Limit/Unlimited (peras/apeiron)
(3) Harmony (Triad)
(4) Kosmos (Tetrad).[4]The four rows add up to ten, which was unity of a higher order (The Dekad).
The Tetractys symbolizes the four classical elements—fire, air, water, and earth.
The Tetractys represented the organization of space:the first row represented zero dimensions (a point); the second row represented one dimension (a line of two points); the third row represented two dimensions (a plane defined by a triangle of three points); the fourth row represented three dimensions (a tetrahedron defined by four points).
Source: Tetractys – Wikipedia
Aristotle’s concept of hyle is the principle that correlates with eidos (form) and this can be demonstrated in the way the philosopher described hyle, saying it is that which receives form or definiteness, that which is formed.[5] Aristotle explained that “By hyle I mean that which in itself is neither a particular thing nor of a certain quantity nor assigned to any other of the categories by which being is determined.”[4] This means that hyle is brought into existence not due to its being its agent or its own actuality but only when form attaches to it.[6]
Source: Hyle – Wikipedia
A similar account can be found in the Theatrum Chemicum:
They have compared the “prima materia” to everything, to male and female, to the hermaphroditic monster, to heaven and earth, to body and spirit, chaos, microcosm, and the confused mass; it contains in itself all colors and potentially all metals; there is nothing more wonderful in the world, for it begets itself, conceives itself, and gives birth to itself.[6]
Comparisons have been made to Hyle, the primal fire, Proteus, Light, and Mercury.[7] Martin Ruland the Younger lists more than fifty synonyms for the prima materia in his 1612 alchemical dictionary. His text includes justifications for the names and comparisons. He repeats that, “the philosophers have so greatly admired the Creature of God which is called the Primal Matter, especially concerning its efficacy and mystery, that they have given to it many names, and almost every possible description, for they have not known how to sufficiently praise it.”[8] Waite lists an additional eighty four names.
Source: Prima materia – Wikipedia
The oikistes (Greek: οἰκιστής), often anglicized as oekist or oecist, was the individual chosen by an ancient Greek polis as the leader of any new colonization effort. He was invested with the power of selecting a settling place, directing the initial labors of the colonists and guiding the fledgling colony through its hard early years.[1] As a result, the oikistes was often accorded his own cult after his death, and his name was preserved even when all other details of the founding of a colony were forgotten.[2]
Source: Oikistes – Wikipedia
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